Collecting Data With Web Scrapers

There is a large amount of data available only through websites. However, as many people have found out, trying to copy data into a usable database or spreadsheet directly out of a website can be a tiring process. Data entry from internet sources can quickly become cost prohibitive as the required hours add up. Clearly, an automated method for collating information from HTML-based sites can offer huge management cost savings.

Web scrapers are programs that are able to aggregate information from the internet. They are capable of navigating the web, assessing the contents of a site, and then pulling data points and placing them into a structured, working database or spreadsheet. Many companies and services will use programs to web scrape, such as comparing prices, performing online research, or tracking changes to online content.

Let's take a look at how web scrapers can aid data collection and management for a variety of purposes.

Improving On Manual Entry Methods

Using a computer's copy and paste function or simply typing text from a site is extremely inefficient and costly. Web scrapers are able to navigate through a series of websites, make decisions on what is important data, and then copy the info into a structured database, spreadsheet, or other program. Software packages include the ability to record macros by having a user perform a routine once and then have the computer remember and automate those actions. Every user can effectively act as their own programmer to expand the capabilities to process websites. These applications can also interface with databases in order to automatically manage information as it is pulled from a website.

Aggregating Information

There are a number of instances where material stored in websites can be manipulated and stored. For example, a clothing company that is looking to bring their line of apparel to retailers can go online for the contact information of retailers in their area and then present that information to sales personnel to generate leads. Many businesses can perform market research on prices and product availability by analyzing online catalogues.

Data Management

Managing figures and numbers is best done through spreadsheets and databases; however, information on a website formatted with HTML is not readily accessible for such purposes. While websites are excellent for displaying facts and figures, they fall short when they need to be analyzed, sorted, or otherwise manipulated. Ultimately, web scrapers are able to take the output that is intended for display to a person and change it to numbers that can be used by a computer. Furthermore, by automating this process with software applications and macros, entry costs are severely reduced.

This type of data management is also effective at merging different information sources. If a company were to purchase research or statistical information, it could be scraped in order to format the information into a database. This is also highly effective at taking a legacy system's contents and incorporating them into today's systems.

Overall, a web scraper is a cost effective user tool for data manipulation and management.

Source:http://ezinearticles.com/?Collecting-Data-With-Web-Scrapers&id=4223877

Internet Marketing - A Beginners Guide

Every new website owner is faced with the problem of getting visitors to their site, and if the website happens to be a commercial venture it needs to happen fast, even non commercial sites need visitors to survive. A quick look at some of the online tools to find expired domains show just how many websites fail every hour of every day. To help prevent your site joining the daily list of failures effective marketing is essential.

Marketing does not necessarily mean spending lots of money, however if fast results are needed then some money will have to be spent. As this article is aimed at beginners, I'll only briefly look at paid marketing and concentrate mainly on the free or low cost options to promote your site.

Paid Marketing:

In many respects online marketing is not dissimilar to offline marketing and many of the tactics used to promote an offline business will work equally well for websites. For example newspaper or magazine adverts although sometimes expensive can produce excellent results for websites, and occasionally magazines will supply cover cd's with links back to your site, an excellent way to get more visitors.

For larger campaigns television or radio ads can work, and with the expansion of satellite TV stations costs for this type of campaign are coming down all the time. For most new site owners however these options will prove to be too expensive and specialist online advertising will be the preferred choice. In the online paid sector directory listings and Pay Per Click (PPC) are probably the most popular. PPC quite simply work as the name describes and you pay a set amount every time a potential customer clicks your link. This has the advantage you only pay when someone visits your site and the obvious disadvantagethat it's open the click fraud where others click the links to increase your bill.

Most of the providers of PPC offer protection against click fraud and block multiple clicks from the same IP address, although for the site owner this is difficult to monitor, and suspicion is always there that the PPC provider has little incentive to police their policies as it would lead to loss of revenue. From experience PPC advertising can become very expensive and although it's quite easy to set up yourself through companies like google, it can sometimes be worth paying a specialist to run your campaign, as they will know how best to target the clicks to make best use of your money.

Free Marketing:

In business like all walks of life the general rule is that you get nothing for nothing, with Internet marketing this rule somewhat goes out the window as there are many free resources for promoting your website. In this section I'm going to take a look at a few of the most popular, this is of coarse only scraping the surface and as you develop your strategy further you'll find new outlets and tools that will get lots of visitors popping by your website.

Search Engines:

Without question the most effective free source of visitors are the many search engines like Google, Yahoo and MSN... the list really is almost endless. Most new website owners believe to get listed in these popular search engines the best thing to do is submit your site to them, this is not the case. All the main search engines these days use crawlers which automatically browse the web and store the contents of the sites they visit.

The search engines then use this content (along with 100's of other criteria ) to rank sites for specific search terms. Search engine optimization (SEO) is a whole different subject, however in brief what you need is links from other website, and some of the marketing tips below, along with attracting visitors to your site will help with your SEO efforts. The truth is that many people use website marketing solely to increase ranking in search engines, in my experience however I've found that if you promote your site for real visitors the search engines will follow.

There are many SEO companies who specialise in getting your site up the rankings, you do need to be careful as many will make great and exaggerated claims, some of which are simply not possible. The best advice I can give here is to research thoroughly and look at, and if possible contact past customers for a reference. Good SEO can be the most cost effective way to promote your site but you do need to work hard at it or employ someone else to do it for you.

Forums:

Internet forums can be very useful for getting visitors to your site, the biggest advantage with forums is that you can target forums related to your area of interest and most will allow members who contribute useful posts and replies to have a link back to their own website in their signature. You should take care not to just post links as most good forums will consider this as spam, and even if the moderators don't delete the link, visitor looking at it will clearly see what's going on and your sites reputation will suffer.

Blogs:

In my opinion every website owner should have a blog, and for SEO purposes it's probably best to have the blog on a different domain. There are lots of free blog sites like blogger.com which offer you easy to use blogs. The biggest advantage with your own blog is you can write articles and provide links to different areas of your site, this provides different entry points and is also very good SEO practice.

Another use of blogs is comments, a great way of getting visitors back to your site is to search for other blogs relevant to your website and leave comments with a link back to your site. As with forums care should be taken not to spam the comments as it's a bad practice and unlikely to help you long term.

Article Submissions:

If you're up to it, writing an article can be a good way to get links back to your website, most good article distribution sites like EzineArticles.com will allow you to have a short bio at the end of the article, which can direct visitors back to your websites. If possible the article should be about a subject related to your business, but as you can see from my bio below it's not essential :-)

Well that's about it, as I said at the beginning this is only an introduction for beginners and as your site and business grows you'll find many new and exciting ways to market your online business.

Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Internet-Marketing---A-Beginners-Guide&id=1729653

Sample Essay Writing - What Must Be Considered

You may be looking at it or you may be required to write on it.

This is a particular type of writing essay that is often put for view by online research and writing services. As a student, you should not only consider looking at classification essay, you should also consider writing a sample essay that can be viewed as a sample paper by other students.

In most cases, students will turn to these essays because of the factor of time. Most students will keep research and writing till the last minutes before actually beginning the write-up. One of the most important aspects in any academic writing is the issue of time. In everything you do in academia, it is always necessary to make use of an outline. The outline guides you as you write from start to finish. The outline is there to ensure that you start and finish on time. Writing without an outline is what makes you get caught up by deadlines.

When an online research and writing service offers a sample paper for view, it is asking you to consider its services in writing your essay. There is nothing wrong if you rely on it, but make sure you consider the issue of plagiarism seriously. Your essay is supposed to be something ingenious. Fortunately, there are anti-plagiarism tools over that internet that you can use to check for the authenticity of what has been written for you and to also check the references linked to your reflective essay.

Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Sample-Essay-Writing---What-Must-Be-Considered&id=1194732

Full-Service Litigation Support For Law Firms

Litigation support has become an integral part like legal notices. Organizations worldwide depend on the consultation and support provided to solve their current and pending cases. The services varies from research and documentation of facts and precedents of a case before it is tried in the court to providing assistance in determining damages after the trial. The whole process is highly professional and is conducted by consultants working independently or as a member of a firm that provides litigation support services.

The litigation support consultants help the attorneys focus on the basic aspects of a particular case that is already filed or is about to be filed. After proper understanding of the preliminary data, the consultants then analyze the previous legal actions that are relevant to the case and proceed to do a research on the status of current laws. The process of detailing these data makes huge difference in presenting a case in a court of law.

The basic services provided by litigation firms can be summed up in two steps.

First comes the issuing of Legal Notice: the consultants draft the notice based on the scanned documents of each individual case and on the instructions received from the clients. This action not only saves money and time but also plays an important role as the first step in favor of the case. After the legal notice is issued senior counsels are engaged for conducting cases before the court.

These firms are manned with people experienced in research and criminal science. The consultants focus on the fishing through a plethora of information and competently extracting the useful data out of them. These data plays an important role in the case and often become the deciding factor of the trial.

Litigation support agencies continue to provide their services even after a case is over. In cases when a particular case is lost the litigation support consultants together with the attorneys try to figure out new factors that came out during the trial which can be used for logging an appeal. While in case of a win these agencies help the attorneys in determining the exact process of collection of damages, if any and also assist them in the further legal actions, if required. By providing quality services to clients, litigation support firms have proved themselves as an effective instrument in bailing out people troubled with time or financial constrains.

Source:http://ezinearticles.com/?Full-Service-Litigation-Support-For-Law-Firms&id=4440707

Data Management Services

In recent studies it has been revealed that any business activity has astonishing huge volumes of data, hence the ideas has to be organized well and can be easily gotten when need arises. Timely and accurate solutions are important in facilitating efficiency in any business activity. With the emerging professional outsourcing and data organizing companies nowadays many services are offered that matches the various kinds of managing the data collected and various business activities. This article looks at some of the benefits that accrue of offered by the professional data mining companies.

Entering of data

These kinds of services are quite significant since they help in converting the data that is needed in high ideal and format that is digitized. In internet some of this data can found that is original and handwritten. In printed paper documents and or text are not likely to contain electronic or needed formats. The best example in this context is books that need to be converted to e-books. In insurance companies they also depend on this process in processing the claims of insurance and at the same time apply to the law firms that offer support to analyze and process legal documents.

EDC

That is referred to as electronic data. This method is mostly used by clinical researchers and other related organization in medical. The electronic data and capture methods are used in the utilization in managing trials and research. The data mining and data management services are given in upcoming databases for studies. The ideas contained can easily be captured, other services being done and the survey taken.

Data changing

This is the process of converting data found in one format to another. Data extraction process often involves mining data from an existing system, formatting it, cleansing it and can be installed to enhance both availability and retrieving of information easily. Extensive testing and application are the requirements of this process. The service offered by data mining companies includes SGML conversion, XML conversion, CAD conversion, HTML conversion, image conversion.

Managing data service

In this service it involves the conversion of documents. It is where one character of a text may need to be converted to another. If we take an example it is easy to change image, video or audio file formats to other applications of the software that can be played or displayed. In indexing and scanning is where the services are mostly offered.

Data extraction and cleansing

Significant information and sequences from huge databases and websites extraction firms use this kind of service. The data harvested is supposed to be in a productive way and should be cleansed to increase the quality. Both manual and automated data cleansing services are offered by data mining organizations. This helps to ensure that there is accuracy, completeness and integrity of data. Also we keep in mind that data mining is never enough.

Web scraping, data extraction services, web extraction, imaging, catalog conversion, web data mining and others are the other management services offered by data mining organization. If your business organization needs such services here is one that can be of great significance that is web scraping and data mining

Source:http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Management-Services&id=7131758

Snowden Used Basic Web Scraping Tools In NSA Breach

Edward Snowden, the man behind the explosive leaks on mass surveillance carried out by the National Security Agency and GCHQ, used widely-available web crawlers to grab the data he needed from the US intelligence body.

The reports have caused concern over the NSA’s abilities to prevent insider attacks, as the simple software used should have triggered security warnings.

Whilst working as an NSA contractor for Booz Allen Hamilton in Hawaii, it’s believed he used the crawlers, which usually carry out legitimate searching and indexing of websites, as he went about his day job, according to a senior intelligence official speaking with the New York Times.

Snowden’s insider attack

“We do not believe this was an individual sitting at a machine and downloading this much material in sequence,” the source said.

The insider attack should have been easily detected, especially given Chelsea Manning (then known as Bradley Manning) had made off with US government data three years earlier before she handed it over to WikiLeaks. Manning was said to have used similarly automated techniques to acquire files.

Snowden, who used the scraping technique to make off with 1.7 million files, likely benefitted from working at a contractor rather than inside the NSA headquarters at Fort Meade, where better security controls were in place.

He was questioned a number of times about his activities, but explained them away by saying it was simply part of his job as a systems administrator to do network maintenance.

In a new book called “The Snowden Files”, by Guardian correspondent Luke Harding, the author claims Snowden actively sought a job at Booz Allen, as it granted him more security privileges than his previous employer, Dell.

Snowden, in a statement delivered through his lawyer at the American Civil Liberties Union, said: “It’s ironic that officials are giving classified information to journalists in an effort to discredit me for giving classified information to journalists. The difference is that I did so to inform the public about the government’s actions, and they’re doing so to misinform the public about mine.”

It was previously reported Snowden was able to gain access to various parts of the NSA network after he convinced colleagues to hand over passwords.

Source: http://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/news/snowden-web-crawlers-nsa-insider-attack-138576

Data scraping tool for non-coding journalists launches

A tool which helps non-coding journalists scrape data from websites has launched in public beta today.

Import.io lets you extract data from any website into a spreadsheet simply by mousing over a few rows of information.

Until now import.io, which we reported on back in April, has been available in private developer preview and has been Windows only. It is now also available for Mac and is open to all.

Although import.io plans to charge for some services at a later date, there will always be a free option.

The London-based start-up is trying to solve the problem of the fact that there is "lots of data on the web, but it's difficult to get at", Andrew Fogg, founder of import.io, said in a webinar last week.

Those with the know-how can write a scraper or use an API to get at data, Fogg said. "But imagine if you could turn any website into a spreadsheet or API."

Uses for journalists

Journalists can find stories in data. For example, if I wanted to do a story on the type of journalism jobs being advertised and the salaries offered, I could research this by looking at various websites which advertise journalism jobs.

If I were to gather the data from four different jobs boards and enter the information manually into a spreadsheet it would take would take hours if not days; if I were to write a screen scraper for each of the sites it would require knowledge and would probably take a couple of hours. Using import.io I can create a single dataset from multiple sources in a few minutes.

I can then search and sort the dataset and find out different facts, such as how many unpaid internships are advertised, or how many editors are currently being sought.

How it works

When you download the import.io application you see a web browser. This browser allows you to enter a URL for any site you want to scrape data from.

To take the example of the jobs board, this is structured data, with the job role, description and salaries displayed.

The first step is to set up 'connectors' and to do this you need to teach the system where the data is on the page. This is done by hitting a 'record' button on the right of the browser window and mousing over a few examples, in this case advertised jobs. You then click 'train rows'.

It takes between two and five examples to teach import.io where all of the rows are, Fogg explained in the webinar.

The next step is to declare the type of data and add column names. For example there may be columns for 'job title', 'job description' and 'salary'. Data is then extracted into the table below the browser window.

Data from different websites can then be "mixed" into a single searchable database.

In the example used in the webinar, Fogg demonstrated how import.io could take data relating to rucksacks for sale on a shopping website. The tool can learn the "extraction pattern", Fogg explained, and apply that to to another product. So rather than mousing over the different rows of sleeping bags advertised, for example, import.io was automatically able to detect where the price and product details were on the page as it had learnt the structure from how the rucksacks were organised. The really smart bit is that the data from all products can then be automatically scraped and pulled into the spreadsheet. You can then search 'shoes' and find the data has already been pulled into your database.

When a site changes its code a screen scraper would become ineffective. Import.io has a "resilience to change", Fogg said. It runs tests twice a day and users get notified of any changes and can retrain a connector.

It is worth noting that a site that has been scraped will be able to detect that import.io has extracted the data as it will appear in the source site's web logs.

Case studies

A few organisations have already used import.io for data extraction. Fogg outlined three.

    British Red Cross

The British Red Cross wanted to create an iPhone app with data from the NHS Choices website. The NHS wanted the charity to use the data but the health site does not have an API.

By using import.io, data was scraped from the NHS site. The app is now in the iTunes store and users can use it to enter a postcode to find hospital information based on the data from the NHS site.

"It allowed them to build an API for a website where there wasn't one," Fogg said.

    Hewlett Packard

Fogg explained that Hewlett Packard wanted to monitor the prices of its laptops on retailers' websites.

They used import.io to scrape the data from the various sites and were able monitor the prices at which the laptops were being sold in real-time.

    Recruitment site

A US recruitment firm wanted to set up a system so that when any job vacancy appeared on a competitor's website, they could extract the details and push that into their Salesforce software. The initial solution was to write scrapers, Fogg said, but this was costly and in the end they gave up. Instead they used import.io to scrape the sites and collate the data.


Source: http://www.journalism.co.uk/news/data-scraping-tool-for-non-coding-journalists-launches/s2/a554002/